By: Rashad Grove

How the Harlem Globetrotters Rose From Obscurity to Become Global Stars

The team got their start in Chicago during a time when segregation was pervasive and basketball was not even a well-known game.

The Harlem Globetrotters

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Published: February 25, 2020

Last Updated: March 06, 2025

For nearly a century, the Harlem Globetrotters have brought flair and antics to the game of basketball. The team has played to more than 148 million people, in over 26,000 exhibition games in 124 countries and territories.

The Harlem Globetrotters began in 1926 as the Savoy Big Five, an African American basketball team who mostly hailed from Wendell Phillips High School in Chicago’s South Side.

The Harlem Globetrotters: Photos

The Harlem Globetrotters began in 1926 as the Savoy Big Five, an African American basketball team who mostly hailed from Wendell Phillips High School in Chicago’s South Side. The team was renamed the Harlem Globetrotters in 1930 to link the squad with the neighborhood known as the mecca of Black culture.These portraits show team members in 1931.

Chicago History Museum/Getty Images

The Harlem Globetrotters: Photos

Abe Saperstein purchased the team in 1926 and became the manager and coach. Reece “Goose” Tatum, of the Harlem Globetrotters, displays his long reach as he stands behind Saperstein with outstretched arms in Chicago in 1946.

Hank Walker/Time & Life Pictures

The Harlem Globetrotters: Photos

During the 1940s, the Globetrotters won the World Professional Basketball Tournament and later defeated the Minneapolis Lakers (Now Los Angeles Lakers) in 1948.

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The Harlem Globetrotters: Photos

Team members pose before embarking on a four-month tour of Great Britain, Europe and North Africa in 1951. The team played 76 games in England, Ireland, France, Belgium, Holland, Luxembourg, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Germany, Austria and North Africa.From left to right: Ermer Robinson; Reece “Goose” Tatum; Bill Brown; Bill “Pop” Gates; and Marques Haynes.

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The Harlem Globetrotters: Photos

Harlem Globetrotters showcasing their jumping ability and athletic prowess in 1953.

J. R. Eyerman/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images

The Harlem Globetrotters: Photos

Known for their signature hilarious antics, Reese “Goose” Tatum hides the ball from the opposing team.

J. R. Eyerman/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images

The Harlem Globetrotters: Photos

Reese “Goose” Tatum again, this time passing to one of his teammates.

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The Harlem Globetrotters: Photos

Playing to a full capacity crowd, the Harlem Globetrotters use their creativity as they attempt a shot against an opposing team from Toledo.

J. R. Eyerman/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images

The Harlem Globetrotters: Photos

Before going off the dominate the National Basketball Association (N.B.A.), Wilt “The Stilt” Chamberlain, made his debut with the Harlem Globetrotters on October 18, 1948 at Madison Square Garden in New York City.

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The Harlem Globetrotters: Photos

A basketball dribbling wizard, Marques Haynes poses for a photo in May 1951. According to the 1988 film Harlem Globetrotters: Six Decades of Magic, Haynes could dribble the ball up to 348 times a minute.

Bettmann Archive/Getty Images

The Harlem Globetrotters: Photos

Robert Hall of the Harlem Globetrotters poses for a photograph in New York City while handling several basketballs in 1956.

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The Harlem Globetrotters: Photos

Practice makes perfect: Two members of the Harlem Globetrotters work on their tricks at the playground in their home base of Chicago in 1960.

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The Harlem Globetrotters: Photos

Known as the “Clown Prince” of the Harlem Globetrotters, Meadowlark Lemon poses with four basketballs, spinning one on his finger on May 15, 1968.

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The Harlem Globetrotters: Photos

Crowd participation is a staple of the Harlem Globetrotters games. Meadowlark Lemon and Freddie “Curly” Neal show off their moves to a group of young fans in Paris, France.

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They first played under the banner of the South Side's Giles Post of the American Legion and then became known as the Savoy Big Five after Chicago’s Bronzeville's Savoy Ballroom hired the team to play as pre-dance entertainment. For Midwest audiences, the game of basketball was still novel and, from early on, this team brought an entertaining style of play to the sport.

Seizing on a golden opportunity, sports promoter Abe Saperstein purchased the team and became the manager and coach. Saperstein, a short-statured Jewish man from Chicago’s North Side, even pitched in as a player from time to time when a team member was ill or injured.

They played their first road game in Hinckley, Illinois on January 7, 1927. Eager to advertise the team’s unique all-Black roster, Saperstein changed their name in 1930 to the Harlem Globetrotters to link the squad with the neighborhood known as the mecca of Black culture. Despite the name, the Harlem Globetrotters didn’t actually play a game in Harlem until 1968.

Before they became known for their on-court antics, the Globetrotters were highly competitive in professional basketball and introduced a flashy, schoolyard style of play. They popularized the slam dunk, the fast break, emphasized the forward and point guard positions, and the figure-eight weave.

In 1940, the team captured the World Professional Basketball Tournament title. Even as they introduced tricks and comedy into their play, the Globetrotters remained competitive. In 1948, the team defeated the Minneapolis Lakers, champions of the all-white National Basketball League, the precursor to the National Basketball Association (NBA).

Not only were the Globetrotters innovative in their basketball style, they were pioneers as a barrier-breaking, African American team when the professional ranks were racially segregated. Jim Horne, who played for Globetrotters for five years during the 1950s, recalls the racial oppression that the team endured.

Executive Order 9981: Desegregating U.S. Armed Forces

Signed by President Harry Truman on July 26, 1948, Executive Order 9981 abolished racial discrimination in the U.S. Armed Forces.

“I faced segregation in the Army. When we traveled, signs said, ‘Coloreds Eat in the Back,’” Horne says. “But when I played with the Globetrotters it was entirely different because we were entertaining people and still treated less than human. In the South, we couldn’t eat in most places and we had to stay in the worst hotels. Coming from Buffalo, New York, it was a rude awakening. It was rough during those days.”

Throughout their storied history, the team has counted among its ranks legendary players such as Reece “Goose” Tatum, Marques Haynes, Meadowlark Lemon, Fred “Curley” Neal, “Wee" Willie Gardner, Nat "Sweetwater" Clifton, Wilt "The Stilt" Chamberlain, Connie "The Hawk" Hawkins, and Lynette Woodard, the first woman to play on the team. In 1982, the team received the ultimate recognition for their role as entertainers: a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

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About the author

Rashad Grove is a contributing writer to BET and his work has appeared in Billboard, MTV News, Philadelphia Inquirer, Medium and others.

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Citation Information

Article title
How the Harlem Globetrotters Rose From Obscurity to Become Global Stars
Website Name
History
Date Accessed
March 21, 2025
Publisher
A&E Television Networks
Last Updated
March 06, 2025
Original Published Date
February 25, 2020

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